远程办公是一种重大的生活方式改变，其采用率在 COVID-19 大流行期间大幅扩大，并可能永久改变一些人的工作习惯。为了了解新冠疫情期间的远程办公行为在大流行后的世界中会“持续”多少，本研究根据新冠疫情期间的调查答复探索了新冠疫情前、期间和预期后的远程办公频率轨迹，这些轨迹经过加权后代表非/非常/通常远程工作者 (TWers) 的人口比例。从受访者自我报告的期望值来看，疫情后的远程办公频率将是疫情前的 2.6-3.3 倍，但我们怀疑这些预期过于乐观。我们根据远程办公轨迹开发了一种类型学，并确定了八个相互排斥且集体详尽的工人群体：登山者(13.6%)、高原者(8.4%)、封顶者(12.6%)、稳定的无法者(43.1%)、稳定的非选择者(13.5%)、稳定的非常规 TWers (1.5%)、稳定的普通 TWers (3.2%) ）和减速器(4.0%)。我们进行了三项探索性因素分析，并确定了潜在的态度结构，包括 11 种一般态度、7 种与工作相关的态度和 7 种与远程工作相关的态度。我们对不同态度和社会人口特征的八个部分进行了分析，以揭示它们与远程办公行为的潜在联系，并建议对居住地点、车辆拥有量和其他出行模式进行进一步探索。具体来说，我们看到了与住宅搬迁和家庭车辆拥有量变化有关的研究需求，这些细分市场预计在新冠疫情前后远程办公频率将净增加。我们还观察到（远程）工作者群体中远程办公采用/频率选择、态度和出行行为的异质性。全面的，
"点击查看英文标题和摘要"
Teleworking behavior pre-, during, and expected post-COVID: Identification and empirical description of trajectory types
Teleworking is a major lifestyle change whose adoption expanded substantially during the COVID-19 pandemic, and which might permanently change the working habits of some. To understand how much during-COVID teleworking behavior will “stick” in the post-pandemic world, this study explores pre-, during-, and expected post-COVID teleworking frequency trajectories based on during-COVID survey responses, which were weighted to represent the population shares of non–/non-usual/usual teleworkers (TWers). Taking respondents’ self-reported expectations at face value, post-COVID teleworking frequency will be 2.6–3.3 times that of pre-COVID, but we suspect that those expectations are over-optimistic. We developed a typology based on the teleworking trajectories, and identified eight mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive worker segments: Climbers (13.6%), Plateauers (8.4%), Cappers (12.6%), Stable unables (43.1%), Stable non-choosers (13.5%), Stable non-usual TWers (1.5%), Stable usual TWers (3.2%), and Reducers (4.0%). We conducted three exploratory factor analyses and identified latent attitudinal constructs including 11 general, 7 work-related, and 7 telework-related attitudes. We profiled the eight segments regarding various attitudes and sociodemographic traits to reveal their potential connections to teleworking behavior, and to suggest further explorations with respect to residential location, vehicle ownership, and other travel patterns. Specifically, we see research needs pertaining to residential relocation and household vehicle ownership changes for segments expecting net increases in teleworking frequency between pre- and post-COVID. We also observed heterogeneity of teleworking adoption/frequency choices, attitudes, and travel behaviors among (tele)worker segments. Overall, this study deepens our understanding of post-COVID teleworking behavior changes, and provides a starting point for understanding the heterogeneity among (tele)workers.